In a 5-quart Dutch oven over medium-high heat, add the sausage and brown, crumbling as it cooks, until no longer pink, around 4-5 minutes. Add the garlic and onion and continue to cook for 2-3 minutes, or until the onions begin to soften. Drain excess grease.
Add the potato and chicken broth. If the chicken broth doesn't completely cover the potatoes, add up to 2 cups of water. Stir gently to combine, then season with salt and pepper to taste. Bring to a low boil, then reduce heat to a simmer, cover, and let cook for 30-45 minutes.
Uncover, stir in the kale and heavy whipping cream, then cover once more and continue simmering for another 20 minutes.
Serve immediately with shredded Parmesan cheese. Enjoy!